How does network segmentation improve security?

Network segmentation improves security primarily by isolating different segments of a network, which helps to limit access and control traffic between those segments. This practice involves dividing a larger network into smaller, manageable sections, known as segments, based on various criteria such as function, sensitivity of data, or user groups.

When segments are created, security policies can be applied in a more granular manner. For example, sensitive data can be stored on a separate segment that is only accessible to authorized personnel. If a breach occurs in one segment, the potential for that breach to spread to other segments is reduced, thus containing the threat and minimizing potential damage to the network as a whole.

Additionally, network segmentation can enhance monitoring and response capabilities, as security teams can focus on specific segments that may be under threat without being overwhelmed by noise from other areas of the network. This precision allows for quicker identification and response to potential security incidents.

The other options do not accurately capture how network segmentation enhances security. Merging multiple networks could increase complexity and vulnerabilities, simplifying the network architecture does not inherently improve security, and enhancing user experience is not a primary benefit of segmentation. Thus, the isolating of segments to limit access stands out as a critical aspect of enhancing security within a network.