What is the role of a firewall in cybersecurity?

The primary role of a firewall in cybersecurity is to monitor network traffic and block unauthorized access. Firewalls are security devices or software that establish a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. They analyze incoming and outgoing traffic based on predetermined security rules, determining which traffic is permissible and which should be blocked.

This capability helps in preventing unauthorized individuals or malicious software from accessing networks or systems, thereby protecting sensitive data and resources from attacks. Essentially, firewalls serve as a first line of defense against cyber threats, enabling organizations to maintain a secure perimeter.

The other options pertain to different aspects of cybersecurity. For example, encrypting stored data focuses on protecting data at rest, while training staff on security practices emphasizes education as a defense mechanism. Conducting security audits relates to assessing and identifying vulnerabilities in systems and processes. While all these activities are important components of a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy, they do not define the primary function of a firewall.