Which of the following best describes "ransomware"?

Ransomware is best described as malware that locks data until a ransom is paid. This type of malicious software typically infiltrates a system and encrypts the data, making it inaccessible to the user. The attackers then demand a ransom payment in exchange for decryption keys or restoring access to the data. This method of attack exploits the urgency and stress that victims undergo when they lose important files or systems, often leading them to consider paying the ransom, even though it does not guarantee that they will regain access to their data.

This definition highlights the key characteristics of ransomware, including its function and the motive behind its use. Understanding how ransomware operates is crucial for implementing effective defenses against such attacks, which have become increasingly prevalent in the digital landscape. Other choices describe different aspects of cybersecurity or software functionality, but they do not capture the specific nature of ransomware and its impact on individuals and organizations.